Which of the following is a consequence of atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque—composed of fat, cholesterol, and other substances—within the arteries. This buildup narrows and hardens the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow. One of the major consequences of this condition is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

As the arteries become increasingly narrowed and less elastic due to the accumulation of plaque, it becomes more challenging for blood to flow freely. This can lead to serious complications such as heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease. The development of atherosclerosis is often associated with other risk factors, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes, which collectively heighten the risk of cardiovascular events.

In contrast to the other potential options, which suggest improvements in arterial function or reduced workload on the heart, the progression of atherosclerosis typically leads to adverse effects that compromise cardiovascular health. Therefore, the correct identification of increased risk of cardiovascular disease as a direct consequence highlights the dangerous implications of atherosclerosis on overall health.